Mathematics Web-Based Learning for Malaysian Secondary Schools in Geometry Free Essays

Ace RESEARCH PROPOSAL Prepared by Yeo Lian Ming 1. Title : Mathematics Web-Based Learning For Malaysian Secondary Schools In Geometry 2. Part 1 Introduction Background Of The Problem Learning of geometry is officially presented in the Malaysian essential science educational plan. We will compose a custom article test on Science Web-Based Learning for Malaysian Secondary Schools in Geometry or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now The accentuation in geometry increments as understudies progress to auxiliary instruction, where around 40% of the sixty themes in the five-year optional science educational plan contains geometry content (Malaysian Ministry of Education, 1998). It is central that understudies toward the starting degree of auxiliary instruction are furnished with sensible thinking abilities to expand on along these lines increasingly thorough encounters of formal geometry. The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM,2000), and other significant writing in the zone of arithmetic instruction call for accentuation in geometry at all levels. Geometry is a bringing together subject to the whole science educational program and as such is a rich wellspring of perception for arithmetical, logarithmic , and factual ideas. For instance, geometric areas and shapes are valuable for advancement work with the importance of fragmentary numbers, identical divisions, requesting of portions, and figuring of parts (Sanders, 1998, p. 20). In any case, geometric ideas are regularly ignored in rudimentary and center level schools for showing computational aptitudes ( Huetinck Munshin, 2004 ; Noraini Idris, 2006 ). Different reasons identified with numerical framework itself, curricular materials, instructional practice, and intellectual improvement have been proposed to clarify students’ the challenges with geometry. In numerous Malaysian schools, the instructing and learning of arithmetic has been accounted for to be too educator focused and that the understudies are not given enough chances to build up their own reasoning (Malaysian Ministry of Education, 2001). This circumstance perpetually brings about understudies turning out to be inactive recipients of data, which by and large don't brings about calculated comprehension. Numerous understudies can't grasp what their arithmetic instructors educate particularly on the subject of geometry since science content is instructed with the expectation of completing the schedule and getting ready for assessments. Little respect is given to how well the understudies comprehend geometrical ideas. On the subject of geometry, understudies experience troubles in applying what they have realized because of spatial failure and perception issues. In auxiliary school, arithmetic teacher’s greatest test is to discover a path how to get students’ enthusiasm to learn geometry. Through electronic learning, educator can give understudies another and invigorating approach to learn and rehearse science when and where it is reasonable for them. The utilization of PCs in training can be used as another mechanical help for the perception of dynamic ideas through PC produced virtual portrayals, considering the age of mental model of the geometrical ideas. Besides, the utilization of the World Wide Web as an instructive conveyance medium has pushed the constraints of instructional structure. It is getting typical for understudies to enlist for programs, get to course materials, convey and submit assignments, and recover reviews electronically. Study halls and gathering offices in schools far and wide are web-accommodating, with many contribution video-conferencing or full virtual study hall offices. In any case, the genuine inquiry is this: does web-innovation help or ruin learning? The most fitting answer is by all accounts that it relies upon the circumstance. In some cases it makes a difference. Here and there it blocks. On the in addition to side, the Internet has pushed the executives instruction forward by empowering quick, simple access to training and data, shared workspace apparatuses for cooperation, moment correspondence and informing, and online assistance. On the negative side, the nature of learning, as a rule, neglects to meet desires. Explanation Of The Problem Teaching and learning process in science especially in the subject of geometry isn't a simple assignment. Understudies will in general fall flat in building up a satisfactory comprehension of the ideas, thinking, and critical thinking abilities. The absence of comprehension in learning geometry regularly cause debilitation among the understudies, which perpetually will prompts terrible showing in open assessment. Various variables have been advanced to clarify why learning geometry is troublesome because of geometry language, perception capacities, and incapable guidance. Poor thinking aptitudes are likewise another zone of worry among optional school understudies. Many can't separate vital data from given information and a lot more can't decipher answers and make ends. Customary methodologies in learning geometry accentuated more on how much the understudies can recall and less on how well the understudies can play out the procedure of critical thinking that incorporates higher request scientific reasoning abilities and thinking. Along these lines learning gets constrained and makes nervousness among understudies and rarely carries fulfillment to the understudies. Goals Of The Study This examination will investigate the ICT capacity, for example, the online instructional items as learning visual guides for the educating and learning process in Geometry. This ability will upgrade the instructing and learning process in conveying the themes in Geometry. The examination will address a portion of the essential issues that ought to be remembered for the educational program configuration procedure to build up an all the more fascinating learning experience that really connects with the understudies from a subjective point of view, while empowering or cultivating a more noteworthy achievement in the student’s learning improvement especially the representation capacity and critical thinking aptitudes. Extent Of The Study This investigation centers around the educational program plan of online instructional articles for the educating learning process that includes hands-on capacity with accentuation on experiential model. From the experiential point of view, the objective is to give a chance or occasion that will connect with or include the understudy in the dynamic procedure of learning. Experiential online learning can happen when the accompanying conditions are met during the structure stage: a )the proper degree of subjective as well as emotional space is reached, making the understudy do significantly more than just get the learning or information, ( b )the connection between the kind of information builds up a suggested degree of understudy contribution, ( c )the results are assessed regarding the area (intellectual and additionally full of feeling) as far as the sort of information. When these means are incorporated during the plan procedure, as opposed to as a reconsiderati on, electronic learning will get more extravagant, and give the understudy a credible learning occasion. Essentialness Of The Study In structuring instructional items, accentuation ought to be put on plans that are helpful for significant adapting instead of structures that point simply at introduction of articles. This examination will look at the reconciliation of innovation, substance, instructional method and online conveyance as it influences the understudy learning experience. The procedure and model for making intuitive rich learning conditions is introduced to improve their course advancement rehearses and online study hall quality. . Part 2 Literature Review The utilization of instructional items in the educating and learning of science helped the understudies to comprehend the topic all the more obviously through novel introduction; making the learning of arithmetic fascinating and fun just as more obvious (Clarke ; Gronn, 2004). The astute utilization of electronic innovation can assist with breaking the limits among homeroom and working environment, among hypothesis and prac tice, and between the jobs of teacher and student. A subsequent age approach painstakingly structured and expanded, can prompt many win-win arrangements that can advance important activity based discovering that joins the best in specialized and delicate abilities training in both study hall and work environment settings (Morgan, G. ; Adams, J. , 2009). Notwithstanding, there was a noteworthy association impact between conveyance model and earlier web understanding. This demonstrates for certain students, certain conveyance models might be increasingly ffective for online conditions (Ahern, T. ; Martindale, T. , 2001). The consequences of the ongoing examination demonstrated that the students who utilized the half and half electronic learning model showed a superior comprehension of the essential ideas and had the option to apply their learning encounters to genuine settings better than the students who were presented to the conventional showing technique just (Naidoo, N. ; Naidoo, R. , 2006). With the ebb and flow assortments of examination and information on improvement both of the student, and the teacher, there is a need now like never before to rethink and build up another model for instructional plan. It might be vital at that point, to surrender, or maybe essentially alter, the customary instructional plan models that were grounded in conduct terms for a model that is increasingly experiential (Kolb, 1984). 4. Section 3 Research Methodology Research Design ; Procedure Using programs that can be downloaded from the web, for example, Moodle an Open Source Course Management System (CMS), an intuitive course materials containing on the web exercises, for example, self evaluations, livelinesss, and recreations on the subjects in geometry can be delivered to build up an e-learning sites to support self-learning and capacity to look for information from different sources. These can improve learning and are regularly increasingly agreeable , adaptable learning time and important for understudies. Operational Framework This investigation will receive semi trial des

Asians Looking Again At Comercial Real Estate :: essays research papers

Editorial on the article: Asian taking a gander at Business land In the start of the most recent year, Taiwanese and Singaporeans came to Vancouver with a great deal of cash searching for possibilities in the land advertise. These specialists were searching for rental structure, which were the "hot ticket" in land as per Vancouver relater John Gee The piece of the city, which is pulling in these purchasers, is the West End of Vancouver, where the opportunity rate is about 1%. Despite the fact that a few people feel land is extremely solid, others are attempting to sell their structures refering to that the land advertise is stale. In the wake of perusing this through I imagine that the Asians are doing an inappropriate thing by getting in to the land business since it is moderate. It might bring time to recuperate their speculation off the rental structures. I additionally that the property estimation could diminish in cost on the grounds that a large portion of the properties in Vancouver, particularly business land, are overrated. Be that as it may, factors drawing in abroad financial specialists incorporate low opportunity rate, low loan fees, and a future increment in the expense of lease. For financial specialists who need security and an unassuming return the business genuine domain showcase offers incredible chances. Then again Asian speculators can get bigger returns in their country. In outline, the land advertise in Vancouver gives a protected speculation atmosphere to Asian speculators, anyway they ought to be careful about the market balancing out over the present moment. Analysis on the article: Asian taking a gander at BC Commercial land In the start of the most recent year, Taiwanese and Singaporeans came to Vancouver with a great deal of cash searching for possibilities in the land showcase. These agents were searching for rental structure, which were the "hot ticket" in land as indicated by Vancouver relater John Gee The piece of the city, which is pulling in these purchasers, is the West End of Vancouver, where the opening rate is about 1%. Despite the fact that a few people feel land is extremely solid, others are attempting to sell their structures refering to that the land advertise is stale. In the wake of perusing this through I believe that the Asians are doing an inappropriate thing by getting in to the land business since it is moderate. It might bring time to recuperate their venture off the rental structures. I additionally that the property estimation could diminish in cost in light of the fact that the vast majority of the

A Lesson Plan for Teaching Three-Digit Place Value

A Lesson Plan for Teaching Three-Digit Place Value In this exercise plan, second-grade understudies further build up their comprehension of spot an incentive by distinguishing what every numeral of a three-digit number represents. The exercise takes one 45-minute class period. Supplies include: Standard note pad paper or a math journalBase 10 squares or base 10 square stampsNotecards with the numerals 0 through 9 composed on them Objective The object of this exercise is for understudies to comprehend what the three digits of a number mean as far as ones, tens and hundreds and to have the option to clarify how they thought of answers to inquiries regarding bigger and littler numbers.â Execution Standard Met: Understand that the three digits of a three-digit number speak to amounts of hundreds, tens, and ones; e.g., 706 equivalents 7 hundreds, 0 tens, and 6 ones. Presentation Compose 706, 670, 760 and 607 on the board. Get some information about these four numbers on a piece of paper. Solicit Which from these numbers is biggest? Which number is the littlest? Bit by bit Procedure Offer understudies a couple of moments to examine their responses with an accomplice or a tablemate. At that point, have understudies perused so anyone might hear what they composed on their papers and disclose to the class how they made sense of the bigger or littler numbers. Request that they choose what two numbers are in the center. After they have gotten an opportunity to talk about this inquiry with an accomplice or with their table individuals, request answers from the class again.Discuss what the digits mean in every one of these numbers and how their situation is crucially imperative to the number. The 6 of every 607 is altogether different from the 6 out of 706. You can feature this to understudies by inquiring as to whether they would prefer to have the 6 amount in cash from the 607 or the 706.Model 706 on the board or on an overhead projector, and afterward have understudies draw 706 and different numbers with base 10 squares or base 10 stamps. In the event that neither o f these materials is accessible, you can speak to hundreds by utilizing huge squares, tens by drawing lines and ones by drawing little squares.After you do display 706 together, compose the accompanying numbers on the board and have understudies model them all together: 135, 318, 420, 864 and 900. As the understudies compose, draw or stamp these on their papers, stroll around the study hall to perceive how understudies are getting along. In the event that some completion each of the five numbers effectively, don't hesitate to give them a substitute action or send them to wrap up another undertaking while you center around the understudies who are experiencing difficulty with the concept.To close out the exercise, give each youngster a notecard with one numeral on it. Call three understudies to the front of the class. For instance, 7, 3 and 2 go to the front of the class. Have the understudies remain close to one another, and have a volunteer perused the trio. Understudies should state Seven hundred thirty-two. At that point request that understudies disclose to you who is during the tens spot, who is during the ones spot, and who is in the hundreds spot. Rehash until the class time frame is finished. Schoolwork Request that understudies draw five three-digit quantities of their decision utilizing squares for hundreds, lines for tens, and little squares for ones. Assessment As you are strolling around the class, take narrative notes on the understudies who are battling with this idea. Make some time later in the week to meet with them in little gatherings or-if there are a few of them-reteach the exercise sometime in the not too distant future.

Custom Term Paper Assistance Options

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Cell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives - 1366 Words

With the advent use of technology and increasing use of cell phones, a lot of studies are taking place. Even though cell phones today have been helpful with communicating with people far away, these cellular devices still are dangerous in many extravagant ways. Dangerous can mean many things when it comes to cell phones. Billions of people throughout the world are implementing cell phone use in their daily routines. Cell phones are becoming a prone addiction which causes us to not be so aware of our surroundings when using it. Many researchers have performed tests on what radiation levels (radio frequency) can do to our health. Based on scientific research and studies, cell phones are taking over our daily lives which is why cell phone use should be used less because they increase the risk of traffic accidents, can cause cancer, and disrupt pacemakers. Researchers everywhere have proven that cell phones increase traffic accidents and can be fatal. People are distracted by the tiniest things; therefore, our minds can only focus on so much which ultimately builds stress. Researchers have realized that when a brain is in a state of â€Å"cognitive capture† or â€Å"inattention blindness† the individual gets captured by the world inside the phone and becomes blind to the world outside of it. â€Å"When people talk on the phone while driving, their minds are blinded to what is going on around them and they become safety hazards.†(Saleton) The researchers also found that half the world’sShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Cell Phones On Our Lives1053 Words   |  5 Pagesyears that improve our everyday lives. The wide use of cell phones has caused a remarkable impact on physical, and social aspects of our life. Cell phones impacts have contributed positively to our lives, but still others have influenced negative ly on our life. With technology, the way we communicate has changed over the past year with our smart phones we can surf the internet, check our social media accounts, use GPS, and text and call our families and friends. The cell phones have made a significantRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives938 Words   |  4 Pagesout lives. We use our cell phones for everything from finding directions, to taking pictures of moments you do not want to forget. Everywhere you go, you cell phone goes with you, if you forget it at home, somehow we feel naked without it. Cell phones have become so powerful and useful for so many things other than just making phone calls; I do not even know why we still call them phones. With that, we have the right to feel secure and free from unwarranted searches though our cell phones andRead MoreCell Phones Effect Our Lives977 Words   |  4 PagesHow Cell Phones Effect our Everyday Lives Once upon a time, cell phones did not exist. If you wanted to make a call you had to use a home phone or a pay phone, but cell phones are now common place in our everyday lives. Almost everyone has one, even children in elementary school have cell phones. So how does having such easy access to a cell phone effect our everyday lives? The positive effects of cell phones are easy to see, as cell phones can be convenient and used as a life line in an emergencyRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives1612 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing the time when the mid 1980s, phones have been rapidly moving their route into our commonplace lives, particularly with the presentation of cam telephones in the early part of the new thousand years. As cells develop they have more of an effect on our commonplace lives and I need to exactly how much they are affecting. Similarly as with new engineering in whatever other structure, phones have changed enormously over their generally short life com passes. As these progressions happen, soRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives862 Words   |  4 Pageshouse without theirs. The answer to this riddle? Cell phones. Children and adults alike are partaking in the growing addiction to their mobile devices. Can we blame them though? The sheer amount of uses, features, along with other various gizmos that come along with a cell phone are enough to make not having one a handicap on most people. Schools, websites, work places, all are integrating cell phone use into their everyday tasks. Downsides to cell phones do exist, but the benefits of having one farRead MoreThe Effects Of Cell Phones On Our Lives2011 Words   |  9 PagesDue to increasing technological innovations, many people are gradually trapping themselves in the web of cell phones. Even with primary laws in effect, drivers are tempted to text and drive on the road, and it has only brought grave consequences. According to the United States Department of Transportat ion, â€Å"It is estimated that drivers who text while on the road contribute to at least 100,000 collisions each year (qt. in Northwest drivers Admit). Besides causing careless accidents, intexicated driversRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives924 Words   |  4 PagesCellular Distractions Can Wait. Cell phones, otherwise known as smart phones by today’s standards, are an immense help to most Americans in many ways. We use our cell phones daily for communication with friends and family through texting and phone calls, scheduling appointment, or social media. However, the convenience of smart phones is being abused daily in several ways that can lead to severe impacts with the distractions they cause. The advancement of cell phone technology in the last decadeRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives Essay1222 Words   |  5 PagesGone are the days when cell telephones were considered as extravagance thing to have with. The developing rivalry in portable makers has brought down the costs of cellular telephones to that degree that these days, purchasing a cell telephone is not a major ordeal. Simply spend a couple bucks and you are pleased proprietor of a cell telephone. In today s opportunity, it s elusive a man who does not possess a cellular telephone. The little contraption is an essential need of life. In any case, whyRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives894 Words   |  4 Pages The first cell phone that was build in a car the reason why it was because it was too big to carry around in your pockets. Buying a phone in 1980 were very expensive, not everyone can afford a phone for themselves. Cell phones back in the day would cost just about over a couple thousand of dollars. The mobile devices that were made in that time was only for phone calls without any caller ID s to tell who s calling you. .Cell phones have been producing a lot better over these few years. BackRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives934 Words   |  4 Pagesanother being exist, especially in our generation. This seems to be not a problem at moment, but with advancement of technology and new ways of meeting people digitally is seems people feel it’s appropriate to constantly be on their mobile devices without any consequences or surroundings. With Mobile device and other forms of wireless communication also effecting on distracting driving. The use of cell phones pose a risk for society in many ways involving cell phone conversations and texting or instant

Essay on Raymond Carvers Cathedral - 832 Words

The narrator in Raymond Carvers Cathedral has two fully functional eyes, in which he chooses never to use to their full potential. The eyes of the narrator are biased, insecure, jealous, and very limited in what they choose to see. This inability to see is made apparent when he is forced to meet and converse with a blind man. The narrators perception of the world around him, and blurred vision, is resolved by a great irony in the story when Roger helps the narrator see past his prejudice outlook on life. The blind man teaches the narrator how to see. The first few pages of the story reveal the narrators blurred view of his own life, his wifes life, and the entire world around him. The narrator, Bub, seems to have an unhappy†¦show more content†¦She told me he touched his fingers to every part of her face, her nose- even her neck (P720)! Because of the fact that his wife is so close to Robert, and is so happy in the event of his arrival, I saw my wife laughing(P722), She was still wearing a smile (P722), it makes it easier for him to judge Robert according to his disability. The reader first learns of the narrators prejudices toward the world around him and especially to the seeing impaired in the introduction of the story. His biased opinion comes out when he explained, My idea of blindness came from the movies†¦ the blind moved slowly and never laughed(P720). The narrators narrow-minded conclusion brought forth the idea that the blind were no fun, and therefore no good to have around. A blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to(P720). Another example of how the narrators blurred vision affected his train of thought, was when he was trying to imagine what it must have been like for Roberts wife, Beulah. †¦ What a pitiful life this woman must have led(P722). Pathetic(P722). The reader also catches a sense of jealousy coming from the narrator, directed toward the relationship Robert and his wife have. The fact that they were talking about him behind his back really agitated this jealousy. I heard my own name in the mouth of th is stranger, this blind man I didnt even know(P721)! The degree ofShow MoreRelated Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesRaymond Carvers Cathedral Raymond Carver utilizes his character of the husband, who is also the narrator, in his short story Cathedral. From the beginning of the story the narrator has a negative personality. He lacks compassion, has a narrow mind, is detached emotionally from others, and is jealous of his wifes friendship with a blind man named Robert. He never connects with anyone emotionally until the end of this story. At the beginning of the story the husband is telling of a blindRead MoreThe Theme Of Blindness In Raymond Carvers Cathedral745 Words   |  3 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† the narrator is seen to show ignorance and bias towards blindness throughout the story, however towards the end he realizes his flaws and the difference between looking and seeing. From the beginning of the story to the end you can see a change within the narrator after his encounter with the blind man. At the end of Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† the narrator hopes to accomplish a change in his understanding of himself, and his experience with Robert flickers this changeRead MoreThe Blind Man In Raymond Carvers Cathedral701 Words   |  3 PagesRaymond Carver’s short story â€Å"Cathedral† shows the interaction of two men, one physically blind and one prejudiced, with contrasting personalities. Overall, the story illustrates how having a closed mind is mu ch more debilitating than permanently closed eyes. Carver tends to revolve his stories around the bleak lives of middle class members and the situations they face; this could be due to his personal life as an alcoholic, who struggled to support his family. â€Å"Cathedral† embodies certain aspectsRead MoreStereotypes in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pagesin some way or another and uses them in social interactions. These generalizations, both positive and negative, about a characteristic(s) of a group (â€Å"Stereotypes) have existed throughout modern and historical societies. The husband in Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† interacts with Robert based off of stereotypes formed from social norms and media portrayals of disabled persons. He treats Robert in a negative manner at first relying on those prejudices, but as he comes to know Robert, he re-developsRead More The Character of the Husband in Raymond Carvers Story Cathedral1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Character of the Husband in Raymond Carvers Story Cathedral In Raymond Carvers Cathedral, the husbands view of blind men is changed when he encounters his wifes long time friend, Robert. His narrow minded views and prejudice thoughts of one stereotype are altered by a single experience he has with Robert. The husband is changed when he thinks he personally sees the blind mans world. Somehow, the blind man breaks through all of the husbands jealousy, incompetence for discernmentRead MoreTheme, Theme And Epiphary In Raymond Carvers Cathedral1051 Words   |  5 Pagescomponents to literature. Three major components in any work of literature are plot, theme, an epiphany. In the short story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver plot, theme, and epiphany are exhibited in a myriad of ways. With the use of these literary concepts, this paper will analyze Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† Plot refers to the sequence of events in literary works. In â€Å"Cathedral†, the plot is displayed in many ways. The story is narrated by a man called Bub whose wife invites an old friend to visitRead More Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesBlind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral      Ã‚   In the story Cathedral by Raymond Carver, the main character, goes through a major personal transformation.   At the beginning of the story, his opinions of others are filled with stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice.   Through interaction with his wifes blind friend Robert, his attitude and outlook on life changes.   Although at first he seemed afraid to associate with a blind man, Roberts outgoing personality left him with virtually noRead MoreMain Characters In Cathedral By Raymond Carvers Cathedral1174 Words   |  5 PagesThe title of the story is â€Å"Cathedral†, which was published in 1983. The author of the story is Raymond Carver who was an American, born in Oregon, that lived from 1938 until 1988. There are three main characters in the story. There is the husband, who was not named, that narrates the entire story. He seems to be very jealous of the blind man and uneasy about his visit to his home. There is the wife, who is also unnamed, that is very excited for the blind man to visit her home since she has not seenRead MoreCharacter Analysis OfCathedral By Raymond Carvers Cathedral1121 Words   |  5 Pagesdied and he came to visit the unnamed narrator and wife (Carver p.32-35). Once Robert walked through the door his appearance and personality surprised the narrator greatly. In Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† the narrator is constantly judging Robert because of his disability. The narrators’ analysis of the blind in â€Å"Cathedral† is somewhat harsh and very comparable to the critiques that are given to the blind today. The unnamed wife met Robert in Seattle a couple summers previously when she was on theRead MoreAnalysis Of Bias In Carvers Cathedral By Raymond Carver1290 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduced in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral. He highlights how perception can affect the way people interact and communicate with each other for the first time. In the short story, the narrator himself is blind to the emotions of the people around him and eschews any form of self-reflection until the very end. He is envious of the blind man, who shares an intimate relationship with the narrator’s wife. However, the blind man is depicted as insightful and personal. Carver discloses in Cathedral that Robert

Law in Commerce Reasonable Care and Skill †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Law in Commerce for Reasonable Care and Skill. Answer: Introduction: In case of a breach of contract, the law allows innocent party to terminate the contract if a condition of the contract has been breached. On the other hand, in case of a breach of warranty, the law of contract provides that in such a case the other party can only claim damages. When an innominate term has been breached, the other party can be allowed to terminate the contract if the breach of contract is so serious that it has deprived the other party of nearly the whole of the benefit under the contract. The contract is not automatically terminated in case of a breach. Therefore the innocent party is required to indicate its acceptance of the breach and in such a case, you can rescind the contract. Otherwise it will be considered that the innocent party has affirmed the contract and the obligation of the party and of the contract will continue. In case of a termination of contracts for breach, the innocent party is discharged from any further performance. Under the contract and in such a case, the contract comes to an end prospectively. A misrepresentation can be described as a statement of fact, that has been made by a party to the contract and due to this statement, the other party has been induced to enter the contract that is less advantageous for it. For the purpose of deciding if a particular statement can be considered as a misrepresentation, it is required to be established that it is:- A statement of fact and not a statement regarding intention, opinion or law; The statement was made to the innocent party; and Due to the statement, the other party was induced to enter into a contract that was less beneficial for such party. The law provides that in some cases, half truths can also be treated as misrepresentation. When a misrepresentation has been made by a party to the contract, the other party gets the remedy of the recession of contract.[1] The bars to recession, prescribed by the law are the permission of the contract, the rights of third party, delay or the impossibility of restitution. In case of the recession of the contract, the contract is set aside.[2] This means that the parties are placed in the same position, as far as possible in which the parties before entering into the contract. The recession of contract may be available to the innocent party when the misrepresentation is fraudulent, negligent or wholly innocent.[3] While in case of a breach of warranty, the other party can only claim damages, in case of misrepresentation, the law provides that the innocent party is also entitled to the signed the contract. In the present case, a statement was made by Bert that he was fully licensed in New South Wales. At the same time, Bert also told Adam that he had applied for mutual recognition registration in Queensland. He further stated that he and his employees were fully capable of carrying out the building work in Queensland as he was fully aware of the building standards applicable in Queensland. He told Adam that all his work will comply with the applicable standards, and he also had full builder's insurance anything went wrong. However the reality was that all these statements were untrue. In this way, it can be said in this case that a false statement has been made by Bert and due to this false statement Adam was induced to enter into an agreement with Bert for the repair of his roof. Hence, Adam can take action for breach of contract against Bert, and in such a case he can rescind the contract and claim compensation from Bert. The Australian Consumer Law has replaced the Trade Practices Act, 1974 and the earlier Commonwealth, State and Territory legislations related consumer protection. This Act came into force on the 1 January 2011. It is a part of Schedule 2 of the competition and consumer act, 2010 (Cth) and is applicable any state and territory. The ACL has provided the same protections and prescribed the same obligations for the businesses throughout Australia.[4] The responsibility to enforce the provisions of ACL has been provided to the Australian courts and tribunals. The consumer guarantees mentioned in the ACL provides a wide range of rights related goods and services to the consumers. In this way, the consumer guarantees are based on the same court principles as were the warranties and conditions that were present in fair trading laws of states and territories as well as the Trade Practices Act.[5] Under the ACL, the consumer guarantees do not create any significantly different rights and oblig ations however, they prescribe these rights and obligations in the clearer way and also provide a wide range of statutory remedies. The earlier case law that was applicable to the previous law is still useful when the consumer guarantees are being interpreted and applied. In view of these, statutory guarantees, it is automatically provided by the suppliers and manufacturers that the goods sold by them and the services provided by them to the consumers will contain these guarantees. These rights are present, irrespective of any warranty that has been provided by the supplier or the manufacturer.[6] In case of services, the consumer guarantees that are applicable include the statutory guarantees according to which the services will be provided with due care and skill, the services will be fit for any specified purpose and the services will be provided within a reasonable time (if no time has been mentioned). In case the goods or services do not fulfill a consumer guarantee, the consumer has been provided rights against the supplier and in certain cases, against the manufacturer, who have to provide a remedy to put right, a deficiency, fault or the failure to fulfill an obligation. Therefore the law provides that in case the supplier had failed to fulfil l a guarantee, the remedies that may be available to the consumer include repair, or refund or replacement; the cancellation of service, and compensation for loss and damages. In this way, according to the ACL when a consumer buys products or services, there is an automatic guarantee. The law provides that the businesses should guarantee the products and services sold, hired or leased by them for less than $40,000 or more than $40,000 if the goods or services generally purchased for personal or household use. These statutory guarantees have to be provided by the businesses irrespective of any other warranty that they have provided to the consumers. In the present case, it can be said that there had been a breach of statutory guarantees by Bert. The reason is that he failed to provide satisfactory services to Adam. It was revealed in the building inspectors report that the repair work was 'shoddy' and the work also did not comply with the Queensland building standards as promised by Bert. Under these conditions, it can be clearly said that there has been a breach of statutory guarantee by Bert. Therefore the above-mentioned remedies available to the consume rs for the breach of statutory guarantees will be available to Adam. As a result, Adam can see compensation from Bert for the breach of consumer guarantees and the loss suffered by him. Answer (c): In this question, it needs to be decided if Bert can be held liable to Adam under the law of negligence. In this context, negligence can be described as doing or the failure to do something that would be done or not done by any reasonable person when one person has a duty of care towards the other and in such a case, damage injury or loss has been caused to the other person. When a person sues the other person in the negligence, such person is seeking financial compensation for the damage caused to it.[7] In such a case the person wants to be put in the same place where such person would have been if the negligence would not have taken place. Some of the examples of the situation where negligence can be alleged include the cases of car accidents where personal injury or damage to the property has been caused. For the purpose of deciding if negligence has taken place in the particular case or not, it has to be seen if the below mentioned for questions are satisfied or not:- If the defendant had a duty of care towards the plaintiff; If this duty has been breached by the defendant; If an injury or the damage has been caused to the plaintiff; and If such injury or damage was the result of the breach of duty by the defendant All these factors need to be satisfied. On the other hand, even if contractors not satisfied, the plaintiff cannot bring a successful claim under negligence against the defendant. Duty of care: This duty can be described as the legal obligation of the defendant to avoid causing harm to other persons. This duty arises when the harm can be considered as reasonably foreseeable if care is not exercised by the defendant. In this way, it is required under the law of negligence that a relationship of sufficient closeness (also known as proximity) should be present between the defendant and the plaintiff.[8] So that it can be concluded that the defendant had the duty of care. For instance, the driver of a motor vehicle has this duty towards the other road users. In order to see if the duty of care has been reached in a particular case or not, the court is required to consider the standard of care that can be applied in a particular case. For deciding the standard of care applicable in a particular case, it needs to be seen what would have been done by any other reasonable person under similar circumstances.[9] If it can be said that the actions of the defendant were unreasonable or if the actions of the defendant were below the standard of care that can be expected in a particular case, it can be said that the duty of care has been breached by such a defendant. Vicarious liability: If in the present case, it is found that the defects in the roof had been caused as a result of poor workmanship by the employees of Bert, he can still be held liable to Adam. The reason is that in such a case, the vicarious liability of Bert arises. The vicarious liability of a person takes place when one person is considered to be liable for the negligence of the other person. Generally, the parties rely upon the doctrine of vicarious liability of the employer for the negligence of the employees.[10] In most of the cases, the law provides that an employer can be held vicariously for the negligence of its employees. In the present case also, it can be said that the factors required for bringing a successful claim under negligence are present against Bert and as a result, Adam take action against Bert under negligence and seek compensation. On the other hand, if it is found that the loss has been caused as a result of the negligence of the employees of Bert, he can still be held liable to pay damages to Adam, because in this case, but is vicariously liable for the negligence of his employees. Bibliography Sweeney, OReilly Coleman, 2013, Law in Commerce, 5th Ed., LexisNexis Lipton P, Herzberg A and Welsh, M, Understanding Company Law, 18th edition 2016 Thomson Reuters Deakin, S., Johnston A and Markesinis B (2003) Markesinis and Deakin's Tort Law, Oxford University Press Kujinga, Benjamin (2009). "Reasonable Care And Skill The Modern Scope Of The Auditor's Duty". GAA Accounting Tomasic, Roman; Bottomley, Stephen; McQueen, Rob (2002) Audits and Auditors, Corporations Law in Australia, Federation Press David Gardiner and Frances McGlone, (1998) Outline of Torts (2nd ed,), Butterworths Bisset V Wilkinson (1927) AC 177 Derry v Peek (1889) L.R. 14 App. Cas Smith v Land and House Property Corporation (1884) 28 Ch D 7 148

The New Weave- Culturally Inclusive Curriculum free essay sample

The needed support will rely on expertise, decisions and the involvement of key stakeholders such as; parents, teachers, the community and the Education Department in establishing, implementing and monitoring the procedures. Going through all this procedures is as important as culturally inclusive will not only involve within the classroom but within the community and the school. This assignment will be discussing the importance of culturally inclusive curriculum to students learning, then describe how as a teacher would facilitate the sharing of cultural experiences of students, outline the challenges faced when facilitating of cultural experiences and how it was dealt with and finally the concluding with the fact that diverse cultures in schools is emerging. Education is an introduction to worthwhile learning with teaching methods that must be morally accepted. Culture is the background or foundation of a person’s upbringing within their society which includes their store of important knowledge, skills and values expressed through their language and passing them on to the younger generation for the sake of cultural continuity and survival. We will write a custom essay sample on The New Weave- Culturally Inclusive Curriculum or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this context, education and culture are inextricably linked since the content of all education has value of structure that is associated with a particular cultural scheme. As education and culture are inextricably linked, culturally inclusive curriculum is a vital approach to the education system. In most Oceanic societies today, traditional cultural values underpin much of what people emphasise and think about, and continue to be the framework that people use to justify their behaviour and to explain the behaviour of others†. (Thaman, 1988). To embrace the knowledge of diverse cultures of all students in education is to understand the cultural backgrounds of the students, from there, teachers will be able to create a learning space for their students’ which is known as ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’. With different cultural backgrounds and heritage ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’ is based on reflecting on students’ prior knowledge, views, values and understanding, teachers can then build on that foundation with activities and resources that are familiar to the students. The importance of a ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’ approaches have various benefits in the classroom, the school and the community. The Solomon Islands Education Strategic plan 2002-2004 takes this into consideration when it states: †¦there is an acceptance that education has increased tensions with communities†¦The education system is seen by many as being unconnected and antagonistic to the social and cultural values on which Solomon Island communities and society is based†¦Education must be available to all regardless of gender, ethnicity and socio-economic background of citizens. (Ministry of Education, Solomon Islands 2002:1-2). The approaches will be describing how a teacher would facilitate the sharing of cultural experiences of students which with benefits that will explain the essential features that will reflect back towards the students’ wellbeing that will be focused on enhancing students learning. The approaches are: Teaching programs will meet the specific needs of students from diverse backgrounds to ensure equitable learning outcomes where students are provided with support to develop language and literacy proficiency. While English is the major shared language within the Pacific Island countries, it can be used as a tool and mean of communication for our literacy and language development of the social, cultural, community and economic vitality of our nation to draw upon adoption of cultures such as language and a wide variety of languages other than English. Activities that they will be able to relate to, for example are: 1. Sharing ideas of the different uses of plants for medicinal purposes and other uses and plant names. This idea will bring students to able to make connections with other cultures as some plant names and uses will be similar. e. g. similar names of coconut; ini- Nauruan, naniu- Fijian and niu- Tongan and Hawaiian. 2. A discussion, students share stories of adapted languages. e. g. Story of how the Ikiribati and the Nauruan adopted a word A European boy came off a ship with a pet dog, the Ikiribati and the Nauruan bserved carefully at the strange looking creature and they asked each other, â€Å"What is it called? † The European boy called his dog, â€Å"come here Rover† The Ikiribati went back to his people and told them that the creature (dog) is called a ‘Dagamea’ as from the word ‘come here’. The Nauruan went back to his people and told his people that the creature (dog) is called ‘Robar’ as from the word ‘Rover’. Un til now in Kiribati, dagamea mean dog and in Nauru, robar means dog. These benefits are: Schools actively engage with parents and community members from diverse backgrounds to support the engagement and learning of their children this will enable the classroom to become an independent space which promotes open dialogue and communication to allow for personal and social education and will also encourage a cooperative learning. Students will develop an understanding and respect for different cultures, religions, values and views, as they are able to understand and see the similarities between their own cultural backgrounds and other cultures and relate to them. Diverse cultural backgrounds of all students are recognised and valued so no students are being left out but will be given the opportunity to express and share their own cultural background and build on their prior knowledge in a diverse and meaningful way this will enable students to gain confidence in their self image. The inference are the approach will analyse the cultural similarities, it is human nature that having something in common always attract interest and will create a diverse society within the classroom. Students will view that culture is a web of interrelationships and will provide meaning to and a framework for their existence in a particular society†. (Thanman , 2001). Pacific education must prepare our children for the reality of life beyond the walls of the classroom, the schoolyard and their familiar society; they must be a prepared for the complex life beyond their comfort zone, but to prepare them to inculcate values and character that would enable full a nd positive participation in both local cultural community life and in the global community. However, there is yet another perspective of the issue concerning the idea of sharing cultural experiences of student which are the challenges teachers will face when utilizing the idea. It is always best to speculate and evaluate the idea of adopting changes and the pedagogy used. In spite of the importance highlighted of the idea of sharing cultural experiences let us not overlook the challenges which the teacher will be facing. Challenges that I may be facing as a teacher are to mention a few are; trying to get to know all the cultural background of all my students and not leaving one behind due to my lack of knowledge and understanding, coming to terms with my own cultural beliefs, religion and values into accepting other beliefs, religions and values and the limited understanding of what curriculum reform was about and unable to satisfactorily implement the new curricula. Trying to get to know all the cultural background of all my students and not leaving one behind due to my lack of knowledge and understanding, is as a teacher, more research, planning and extra hard work have to be carried out. As some cultural experiences maybe dominant than the other, as a teacher I have to try to balance them out and be resourceful and creative in planning activities to be made as equally interesting and not letting one culture dominate the other. Coming to terms with my own cultural background, religion and values and accepting other beliefs, religions and values. As an adult without the opportunity of a culturally diverse upbringing or teacher training on the issue, it will be a challenge to understand and interrelate with other cultural beliefs especially when it comes to religion and beliefs. While moulding my students to be culturally diverse I will be going through the same process and learning myself. The limited understanding of what curriculum reform was about and unable to satisfactorily implement the new curricula of ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’. Due to my lack of knowledge of other cultural backgrounds, it will be a challenge to implement or even teach the new cultural inclusive curricula. In conclusion, culturally inclusive curriculum is an important approach in this modern time, as even though there will be challenges when teachers are actually facilitating the sharing of cultural experiences within the classroom. Culture inclusive in our curricula is becoming a demand due to the increase of multicultural backgrounds of students which has brought attention to educators to take action on the issue. Diverse cultures in Pacific schools is increasing so let us use this as an opportunity to prepare our children to be able to strive in the wider global network. Bibliography Ministry of Education, Solomon Islands. 2002. Education strategic plan 2002- 2004. Government of Solomon Islands, Solomon Is. Thaman, K. H. (1988). Ako and Faiako: cultural values, educational ideas and teachers’ role perceptions in Tonga. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of the South Pacific, Suva. Thanman, K. T. (2001). Culturally inclusive teacher education in Oceania. International Education Journel, 26 (5), 1-2.

Doubting Leads to Success Essay

Doubting Leads to Success Essay Doubting Leads to Success Essay Doubting leads to success "Concerning the things that can be doubted" is an attractive poem because I can sense how the writer feels and what he treats the doubtful matters like what I do when questioning. The writer wants to expresses his feelings about some matters he doubted. Confused and frustrated,the writer reflected on whether the opinions were true or false regarding to the issues which others consider to be obvious. At the end of the poem,the sentence "Everything is uncertain" strongly expressed the writer's dilemma. I choose this work because I thought few students are willing to question matters now. But the writer did. A strange phenomenon around me made me confused when I was studying in China. I found the students were not questioning when they learned some new issues. They just made a note and took it for granted that all our teachers said were right. It could not be worse that a student should lose the critical thinking skill. Fortunately, when reading the poem, I fin d that the writer doesn't give up questioning, even though he gets stuck. Just like the writer, we may feel frustrated and uncertain. But it's not an excuse for us to accept issues without questioning. Questioning the matters even though there might be 99% chance that Yu 2 they are correct, will likely help us to obtain the goals we pursue. Just like the writer does. He questions the simple universal truth, the earth and the sky. It is novel to say that there is no earth and no sky. But if we do not have the courage to doubt or we do not take actions to prove our question, how can we know? Bravely doubting the matters that can be questioned may lead us to succeed. Looking back through history, all the great figures in both science and politics have the courage to doubt the theories or opinions, which were considered as truth and assumed a solid foundation in peoples' minds for a long time. This questioning allows people to take proper action and make change, which can improve our w orld.It was Columbus's courage to doubt the long time existed opinion that the earth is flat that made him sailed out to explore beyond the horizon. Also it is Roosevelt 's courage to doubt the economic liberalism widely applied at that time in America that helped him to come up with the Roosevelt New Deal. Consequently, questioning the matters that is obvious or the authority is not a crazy behavior. Don't hesitate to carry out the question you were not pretty sure. It is the spirit of doubting that makes us live better, though nobody wants to trap into thinking without any help. But if we can get over it, we may become a better person than we expected. Questioning happens first in mind,if we don't take action to test our

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial Management - Essay Example on lies with the management in procuring funds from economic sources, it is also necessary to consider the effects of such acquisitions from the company’s point of view. Therefore, the financial sagacity of any business imply in how economically such funds are procured. It includes administration and maintenance of financial assets. From the point of view of the organisation financial management is the processes associated with the mobilization of funds from the various sources when needed at an acceptable cost which is called Financing Decision through banks and other financial institutions, and control the fund flow by monitoring their use to ensure the procurement and deployment of funds according to the plan. (Financial Management). Northern PLC is a manufacturing company which has sub-divisions globally. The company is facing deficiency of funds. There are many sources for financing the company through Capital market (through Shares, Debt Securities, and Venture Capital). Capital market is the place where government, institutions and individuals trade financial securities for funds. Two major capital markets are stock and bond market. Some of the examples of the capital are New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), American Stock Exchange (AMEX). It provides economic efficiency by channelling money from those who have no immediate productive use. In capital market the cash or savings which is risk free are converted into risky assets for the benefit in the future. If the company is not performing well then there will be decrease in the share price of the company which would result in the dissatisfaction of the shareholders like the suppliers, customers and other stakeholders of the company. If the company is performing well, the share price increases and because of this the shareholder gets the benefit as dividends. The company that is giving the regular dividend has a slight edge. (Woepking). 1. Weak form efficiency- In this the share price reflects the

Equal Opportunity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Equal Opportunity - Essay Example The 'equal access' mentioned may then be applied to the circumstances in which individuals receive their education, it being argued that equal opportunity in the test requires equal opportunity to acquire the skills to be tested. This may lead to a demand for equal conditions in the period before the rationing, or a demand that, because those conditions have not in fact been equal, the procedure take account of the previous relative lack of resources or opportunities of some competitors by discriminating in their favour (Political Dictionary). In the simplest terms, hiring someone based solely on ethnicity, gender, age, religion, political affiliation or sexual orientation is equally as wrong as refusing to hire a person for the same reasons. Equal opportunity practices include those that are race-blind or gender-blind, and those that involve or require affirmative action or reverse discrimination (referred to as 'positive discrimination' in the UK). The United States1 federal govern ment and various state and local governments require affirmative action in governmental hiring and contracting (Equal). ... Equal opportunity is often criticized on utilitarian grounds because the burden of equal opportunity regulations results in decreased productivity of the businesses, thus reducing well-being of all classes. But, the concept of Equal Opportunity requires that legal censure be taken against those who do not give up their prejudices. Legal censure by the state is objectionable to some. However, in the absence of Equal Opportunity, legal censure would also have to be taken against social and religious activists who aim for equality in society. Equal Opportunity is often considered separate from basic Freedoms. For example, Freedom of Speech is usually not within the realm of Equal Opportunity but rather within basic rights. Equal Opportunity consists of additional elements crucial to a meritocracy, such as: Consideration for employment, housing, and education free from immutable characteristics such as race, age, or disability; Equal access to goods and services from the government The term "equal opportunity" is synonymous with "non-discrimination". Social equity in the labour market is a stronger requirement: it implies that the benefits of employment are broadly and equitably distributed (Report, 1996). Social equality is a social state of affairs in which certain different people have the same status in a certain respect, at the very least in voting rights, freedom of speech and assembly, the extent of property rights as well as the access to education, health care and other social securities. Thus, in practice, equal opportunity is said to exist when people with similar abilities reach similar results after doing a similar amount of work. Indeed, equal opportunity and equality of outcome are often seen as complementary. Equal

Cost-Quality Relationship Essay Example for Free

Cost-Quality Relationship Essay There are three types of costs when quality considerations are made: Appraisal Costs, Prevention Costs, and Failure Costs. These costs are affiliated with the efforts of process improvement and are also known as quality costs or cost of quality. Appraisal costs are associated with measuring, evaluating or auditing products and services to satisfy quality and performance requirements set by the company. Examples of this cost include inspection and testing of purchases material, final inspections, audits for products and services, and testing equipment. Prevention costs are associated with all activities designed to prevent and stop poor quality in the products and services provided to the customers. Examples of this cost include new product review, supplier surveys, capability evaluations, improvement projects, education and training. Failure costs result from products and services that did not meet the quality standards and requirements set by the company. They divided into two categories: Internal Failure Costs and External Failure Costs. Internal failure costs occur before delivery and shipment of product and/or before services are performed to the customer. Examples of this cost include scrap,  rework, retesting, re-inspecting, reviewing the material and downgrading. External failure costs occur after delivery and during or after providing the service to the customer. Examples of this cost include reviewing and processing customer complaints, customer returns, claims based on warranty, and recalls. The total quality costs are the sum of the appraisal, prevention, and failure costs. This will represent the difference between the actual costs of the product and/or service. The trade-offs between the appraisal, prevention, and failure costs are relevant. Some believe when the prevention costs are increased , the appraisal and failure costs will decrease substantially. This means that the total costs will be lower. Others say that if they spend too much on quality, it will reduce the money available for other projects such as upgrades to technology.

Utilitarianism Essay -- criticisms of utilitarianism

This essay will present the key features of Utilitarianism and identify the problems of Utilitarianism to the extent to which they make Utilitarianism unacceptable. Jeremy Bentham founded Utilitarianism. He lived at a time of great change. With revolutions in France and America, demands were being made for human rights and greater democracy. Bentham worked on legal reform. Utilitarianism is associated with the principle of utility. Utility means the amount of satisfaction or pleasure that somebody gains from consuming a commodity, product, or service, i.e.; useful. The hedonic calculus, which is his system for measuring how good or bad a consequence is: At the time Bentham put forward the theory it was instrumental. It changed the way society was run and the way society now thinks for the better. It dramatically made changes to the poverty in Britain positively. Theories that are interested in the ends are known as teleological. Telos is Greek for the end. Therefore teleological means that the ends justify the means, utilitarianism follows this rule. Utilitarianism is the greatest goodness for the greatest number of people. The rightness of actions depends on their utility, and the utility is measured by the consequences, simply meaning the greatest good by moral actions. If the consequences are good, then the moral actions are not as relevant. A positive example is â€Å"Lucy wins the lottery. Instead of keeping it all to herself, Lucy decides to share it out with some of her friends, because she thinks it will make them happy.† Lucy is doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people and is doing it using goodness ... ...people’s common agreement about what is pleasure and what is pain. There are problems concerning what some people would consider pleasurable and what others would consider not pleasurable. Problems arise such as taste in music, hobbies and beliefs. In conclusion Utilitarianism has its political benefits, but is not clear enough with some aspects. It doesn’t show what is unacceptable in utilitarianism. Utilitarianism doesn’t have the flexibility of considering individual circumstances and moral values have no consideration in this theory. Utilitarianism is focused on quantity rather than quality. It seems rather a simple theory ‘the greatest good, for the greatest number of people’, however when you delve into the theory it becomes rather too complicated. For people to live by a theory it needs to be simple and clear.

Helping Children Master the Basic Facts Essay

The chapter â€Å"Strategies for Multiplication Facts† provides detailed overview of strategies used for mastering and enlarging multiplication facts. It is suggested that basic facts may be improved due to relating existing knowledge to new facts. The author outlines five group strategies stating that the first four are easier and they cover 75% of multiplication facts. Nevertheless, it is noted the offered strategies are simply suggestions, not the rules to follow. Actually, these strategies help students think of various facts easily. The special attention in the chapter is paid to doubles, zeroes and ones, helping facts, division facts and ‘near facts’, etc. It is noted that fact remediation should be used in case when students are unable to master basic facts mentioned above. Such students need new approach to comprehend basic facts. Therefore, fact remediation is of great importance, because it aims at providing hope for students having problems with mathematics. Often students experiencing difficulties with getting facts, start thinking they are unable to learn facts at all. The author recommends to â€Å"let these children know that you will help them and that you will provide some new ideas that will help them as well†. (184) It is admitted in the chapter that students who comprehend the basic multiplication facts doesn’t reason better that student who find it difficult to get the idea of basic facts. The author states that nowadays the goal of mathematics isn’t simply to learn how to count, instead it aims at learning how to reason, how to make the sense of things around. What is more important, mathematics develops the skills of critical thinking and punctuality. Mathematics teaches students to solve problems and, therefore, students experiencing difficulties with mastering basic facts shouldn’t be excluded from mathematical experiences. Summing up, the author claims that all students should be involved in â€Å"exciting and meaningful experiences, they have real motivation to learn facts and real opportunities to develop relationships that can aid in that endeavor†. (185) References Van De Walle, John. (2003). Elementary and Middle School Mathematics: Teaching Developmentally. USA: Allyn & Bacon.

The Global Economy Has Suffered And Pushed Through Many...

In the year 2015, the global economy has suffered and pushed through many hurdles. In the first quarter, the American economy made a painstakingly slow progress in many places, while still dealing with other key players in the global market that had potential to hurt the markets even further. Greece and China have both caused lots of worry throughout the world; Greece not using the Euro as their currency could have hurt the market, as well as China’s government devaluing their own currency, causing a ripple effect throughout other markets. World trade itself has shrunken, adding new fire to the already blazing financial crisis at hand. Some would even argue that the first and second quarter of 2015 were the worst performing quarters that the world has seen in a very long time. Back in the 1990’s, growth in world trade was generally faster than growth in the GDP, or gross domestic product. However, recently this has changed—both have scaled back. 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